A National Park for the Father of Parks - December 30, 2016

معنی واژه با لمس

1. 0:10The U.S.
2. 0:12National Park Service has been celebrating its 100th anniversary in 2016.
3. 0:22Woodrow Wilson, America's 28th president,
4. 0:27established the National Park Service in 1916 to protect the wild
5. 0:36and wonderful landscapes in the United States.
6. 0:42But it is an earlier leader who is considered the father of America's national parks.
7. 0:50In 1906,
8. 0:54Theodore Roosevelt, America's 26th President, signed the American Antiquities Act.
9. 1:03The law permitted him and future presidents to take immediate action
10. 1:10to protect important cultural or natural resources.
11. 1:16The Antiquities Act led to the creation of many
12. 1:22of the 413 sites within the National Park Service today.
13. 1:30No president has played a bigger role in protecting the country's natural
14. 1:37and cultural resources than Theodore Roosevelt.
15. 1:41During his time in office,
16. 1:46he established five new national parks and 18 national monuments.
17. 1:53In all, he protected over 93 million hectares of public land.
18. 2:01He became known as the conservationist president.
19. 2:07Roosevelt's concern for the land and environment came from the time he spent in the Dakota territory,
20. 2:16beginning in the 1880s.
21. 2:20The area where he traveled is now the state of North Dakota.
22. 2:26Today, you will find a national park there named in his honor.
23. 2:34The park protects badlands, wildlife, scenic views,
24. 2:39as well as two ranches where Roosevelt himself once lived.
25. 2:46Welcome to Theodore Roosevelt National Park.
26. 2:51Theodore Roosevelt came to Dakota Territory in September 1883.
27. 2:59He was a young married man from New York, where his political career was just beginning.
28. 3:08He came to Dakota in hopes of hunting huge animals called bison.
29. 3:16He also had a great interest in the Western frontier lifestyle.
30. 3:24Roosevelt soon developed an interest in raising cattle.
31. 3:29Cattle ranching in Dakota was a big business in the 1880s.
32. 3:36Cattle fed on the land's healthful grasses.
33. 3:41He and a partner entered the business.
34. 3:44Roosevelt invested $14 ,000 to build the Maltese Cross Ranch.
35. 3:54Roosevelt returned to New York while workers constructed the ranch.
36. 4:00He resumed his political duties in Albany, the state capital.
37. 4:06But, in early 1884, he experienced two great personal losses.
38. 4:15His mother and wife died of illnesses on the same day,
39. 4:21February 14. Roosevelt described the pain and loss in his diary
40. 4:28with only one sentence, The light has gone out of my life."
41. 4:36Roosevelt again headed west in the summer of 1884.
42. 4:42He sought to escape the reminders of his recent losses.
43. 4:47He arrived at his newly built Maltese Cross Ranch.
44. 4:53He also decided to build a second ranch in a quieter, more remote area.
45. 4:59He called that ranch Elkhorn.
46. 5:05Roosevelt traveled between New York and Dakota, working both as a state lawmaker and a cattle rancher.
47. 5:14In late 1884, he helped form an organization in Dakota to help protect ranchers' rights.
48. 5:25In 1885, Roosevelt published his first book about his experiences as a rancher
49. 5:33and hunter. In it, he predicted that the cattle industry
50. 5:39of the Dakota Badlands was not sustainable.
51. 5:44In other words, it would not last.
52. 5:48Roosevelt was right.
53. 5:51Severe weather struck the area in 1886 and 1887.
54. 5:58In the winter, a terrible freeze killed many cattle.
55. 6:03The animals that survived the cold soon starved.
56. 6:09Roosevelt himself lost over half of his cattle.
57. 6:13He decided to get out of the business.
58. 6:16The experience, however,
59. 6:21shaped Roosevelt's beliefs about the need for conservation in America.
60. 6:27Those beliefs, in turn, helped shape his policies as president.
61. 6:35Visitors to Theodore Roosevelt National Park can experience the Badlands just
62. 6:42as Roosevelt did hundreds of years ago.
63. 6:46They can also visit the Maltese Cross Cabin, as well as the Elkhorn Ranch Area.
64. 6:56The park has three main areas, the South Unit, the North Unit,
65. 7:03and the Elkhorn Ranch Unit.
66. 7:07In the South Unit, visitors can drive along the Scenic Loop Road.
67. 7:13It offers many places to see wildlife and the surrounding badlands.
68. 7:22Badlands are very dry places with little vegetation.
69. 7:28Wind and water shape badlands mainly through erosion.
70. 7:34The process leaves behind high flat-topped hills of clay and other soft rock.
71. 7:42Many visitors stop to look at Painted Canyon.
72. 7:48It gets its name from the colorful exposed rocks there.
73. 7:55Trails near the canyon offer visitors a chance to see animals,
74. 8:00from the huge American bison to small black-tailed prairie dogs.
75. 8:09These animals are not really dogs, they are rodents.
76. 8:14Roosevelt described prairie dogs as the most noisy and inquisitive animals imaginable.
77. 8:23The North Unit also offers several hiking trails.
78. 8:27Some paths are short and easy.
79. 8:32Others may take two days to complete.
80. 8:36The Aachenbach Trail is a 28 kilometer long path.
81. 8:42It crosses the Little Missouri River and takes visitors into the heart of the Theodore Roosevelt wilderness.
82. 8:51The third area of the park is the Elkhorn Ranch Unit.
83. 8:57This is what Roosevelt described as his home ranch.
84. 9:03He wrote of the ranch in this way,
85. 9:07My home ranch house stands on the river brink, from the low, long veranda shaded by leafy cottonwoods.
86. 9:17One looks across sandbars and shallows to a strip of meadowland,
87. 9:22behind which rises a line of sheer cliffs and grassy plateaus.
88. 9:29Today, the Elkhorn cabin itself no longer stands.
89. 9:36Visitors will find only stone rocks where the cabin once was.
90. 9:42The area that surrounds Elkhorn, however, is among the most beautiful, wild,
91. 9:50and quiet places in the Badlands of North Dakota.
92. 9:55It is this peace and beauty that appealed to Roosevelt after the deaths of his mother and wife.
93. 10:05But the Dakota Badlands did more than just help Roosevelt overcome his pain.
94. 10:12They helped shape the kind of president he would later become.
95. 10:19In the words of Roosevelt himself,
96. 10:22I would not have been president had it not been for my experience in North Dakota.
97. 10:30I'm Ashley Thompson.
98. 10:32And I'm John Russell.